Cov chaw tanning booths (chav pw hnub ci) tso tawm ultraviolet (UV), feem ntau yog UVA (315–400 nm), thiab UVB (280–315 nm) tsawg dua. Txawm hais tias lub hnub ci ntuj muaj ob hom hluav taws xob sib npaug, cov khoom siv tanning feem ntau tso tawm UVA ntau dua, uas tuaj yeem muaj cov teebmeem sib txawv ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho. Tsab xov xwm no tshuaj xyuas cov kev cuam tshuam kho mob thiab dermatological ntawm UVA thiab UVB los ntawm cov chaw tanning.
1. UVA piv rau UVB: Qhov Sib Txawv Tseem Ceeb
| Yam ntxwv | UVA (ntev ntev) | UVB (nthwv dej luv luv) |
|---|---|---|
| Qhov tob nkag mus | Deep (dermis) | Sab nraud (epidermis) |
| Cov nyhuv ntawm kev ua kom tawv nqaij zoo nkauj | Tam sim ntawd (oxidative) | Ncua (ua kom melanin) |
| Kev Tsim Vitamin D | Tsawg kawg nkaus rau tsis muaj dab tsi | Qhov chaw tseem ceeb |
| Txoj Kev Ua Rau DNA Puas Tsuaj | Tsis Ncaj Qha (ROS tiam) | Ncaj qha (thymine dimers) |
| Kev ua rau mob qog noj ntshav | Txuas nrog melanoma | Txuas nrog rau squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) |
| Kev tiv thaiv kab mob | Muaj zog (systemic) | Nruab Nrab (nyob hauv zos) |
2. Cov teebmeem kho mob ntawm UVA hauv cov tshuab tanning
A. Kev laus ntawm daim tawv nqaij (kev laus los ntawm kev thaij duab):
UVA nkag mus tob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij, rhuav tshem collagen thiab elastin los ntawm cov tshuaj reactive oxygen (ROS).
Qhov no ua rau muaj wrinkles, tawv nqaij tawv thiab lub hnub ci elastosis (kev laus ua ntej lub sijhawm).
B. Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob:
UVA hloov pauv txoj haujlwm ntawm Langerhans hlwb, yog li txo qis kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Qhov no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij (piv txwv li HPV thiab herpes) thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog.
C. Kev Pheej Hmoo ntawm Melanoma
UVA ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau DNA oxidative, uas ua rau muaj mob melanoma malignant (hom mob qog nqaij hlav uas tuag taus tshaj plaws).
Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias cov neeg uas siv cov txaj pw tanning muaj feem yuav mob melanoma ntau dua 59% (JAMA Dermatology, 2014).
D. Tsis muaj ntau yam vitamin D tsim tawm
Tsis zoo li UVB, UVA tsis hloov 7-dehydrocholesterol mus ua vitamin D₃, uas txhais tau tias cov txaj tanning tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev tsim cov vitamin D.
3. Cov teebmeem kho mob ntawm UVB hauv cov tshuab tanning
A. Kub hnyiab thiab DNA puas tsuaj
UVB ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv DNA ncaj qha (thymine dimers), uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) thiab basal cell carcinoma (BCC).
Cov txaj pw tanning uas muaj UVB ua rau muaj erythema (tshav kub).
B. Kev tsim cov Vitamin D (txwv rau hauv cov txaj tanning)
Txawm hais tias UVB yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov vitamin D₃, feem ntau cov tshuab tanning txo qis kev raug UVB kom txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kub hnyiab, uas ua rau lawv tsis ua haujlwm zoo rau lub hom phiaj no.
C. Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob Hauv Ib Cheeb Tsam
UVB txo cov qe ntshav dawb uas ua rau cov antigen nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij, tab sis ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsawg dua li UVA.
Yuav ua li cas nrog kev puas tsuaj UV:
Hnav cov tsom iav tiv thaiv.
Siv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj kev tiv thaiv UVA/UVB.
Xaiv cov khoom siv uas muaj hluav taws xob tsawg.